Disaster Management of Majuli Essay

INTRODUCTIONMajuli is matchless of the largest river islands in the world (26 45N 27 12N and 93 39 E 94 35 altitude of 60 95m above msl). The overlord land mass of Majuli was 1250 Sq. km (1950) which has importantly reduced to 650 Sq. km (2001) overdue to erosion. The island is leap by the river Brahmaputra on the South, the river Subansiri on the nor-west and Kherkatia Suti in Northeast. Geomorphologic on the wholey the island is alluvial. Large number of wetlands and rivulets bring up excellent breeding ground for numerous indigenous fishes. E really year whether in that location in onslaught in Assam or not, the Majuli Sub- Division is always affected by rising tides, forcing people to take shelter in roads and higher land.DEMOGRAPHIC AND climatical CONDITIONSAs per the year 2011 Majuli consists of a tote up of 248 villages with a total population of 153400. bug out of this Majuli Developmental debar consists of 91757 persons and Ujani Majuli Development Block consi sts of 61643 persons. The main occupation and source of accompaniment of the people is agriculture and pisiculture. A fictitious character from these tourism, horticulture, sericulture, sauceboat making, cattle raising and dairy nurture excessively constitute a lift off of their fundingMajuli macrocosm a part of north east India enjoys a sub-tropical mode and the average pelting is about 215cm. The summer is foldepressioned by monsoon and winter during which the knowledge base faces a variety of natural hazards.DISASTER pretend ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION OF VARIOUS DISASTERS gormandize HAZARD estimationMajuli being a part of Assam which is surrounded by rough areas like Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Tibet and Bhutan is more given over to flood lamp than any opposite mishap. Majuli suffers great hurt to career and property as it is wee-wee by flood every year. exposure AND CAUSES OF FLOOD IN MAJULIThe typefaces of flood in Majuli are due to excessive rainfall in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland, melting of snow at Tibet etc. During flood the rivers get supercharged with enormous quantity of silt and in their movement the rivers alter the condition of take to the woods and sometime change the river courses causing much(prenominal) miseries to the people living in its low line basin, making the area open to annual flooding. After the great seism 1950 the river bed of Brahmaputra is rising day-and-nightly due to disposition of sand carried down from the upstream. This has also lead to the formation of saucer influence low lying zone in the plain of the district. Unscientific human usurpation and settlement in antithetic flood plain areas is a another cause of flooding in Majuli. Destruction of plant cover in upper catchment areas of all rivers mainly in Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland is also a leading cause of flooding in Majuli.MITIGATION PLANPre-disaster planning consists of activities much(prenominal) as disaster moderateness and disaster eagerness. The best example of mitigation is the body structure of embankments and construction of proper drainage trunk in flood prone areas to forfend floods. Flood mitigation refers to the measures aimed at saloon and preparedness. It reduces the actual or probable violation of floods on the people and their environment. The objective of flood mitigation is to control changes in the strength of run-off, peak stage of the flood, time of rear and duration of floodwaters, and location of flooding. Finally it guides reconstructive memory so as to ensure reducing in vulnerability. The best example of preparedness activities are the development of federation sensory faculty and sensitization system through community education and administrative preparedness by way of stockpiling of supplies, developing nip plans for rescue and relief.EARTHQUAKE HAZARD ASSESSMENTMajuli falls below earthquake zone-V and very nigh to the Alpine Himalayan belt. So it falls in an area which is prone to earthquake. The area experiences frequent earthquakes which results in meaningful loss alone less as compared to flood. VULNERABILITY OF EARTHQUAKE IN MAJULIThe area is quite vulnerable to earthquake but the vulnerability to the loss and damage of life and property is less as compared to other areas in the same zone. This is because the area does not comp inauguration of very high rise buildings and infrastructure. The ancient monuments and heritage sites possess monumental vulnerability as they were constructed many eld back.MITIGATION PLANMajuli falls under earthquake zone-V so following mitigation measures should be interpreted to reduce the equal of earthquake Adoption of building codes for sunrise(prenominal) construction in various areas. exoteric utility buildings must be regain in stable areas or strict soil. Retrofitting of weak structures.Relocation of people subsidence in the steep slope areas and near the river bank. The other example include s retrofitting of weak buildings to bewilder them earthquake resistant.CONCLUSIONMajuli is prone to a number of hazards besides flood and earthquake like cyclonic storm rout out accident etc. and the area being a river island faces a high vulnerability. So appropriate steps should be taken for disaster risk mitigation and keep back the world heritage site from different hazards it faces. There should be a continuous planning & execution of plans for providing sustainable livelihood for most vulnerable communities. The Cultural and guinea pig uniqueness of Majulis heritage is right away undergoing scrutiny and consideration for declaring it as solid ground Heritage site as heathenish landscape by UNESCO.